INVESTIGATING THE COMPONENTS OF THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM AND HOW IT RELATES TO THE ATTAINMENT OF STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Strand: The implementation of innovative pedagogies
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Abstract
The study investigates how the two components of the flipped classroom (FC) relate to student learning outcomes. The Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) was used to guide the design of the instructional videos. A one-group pre-test-post-test design was employed, with 25 biology students aged between 16 and 18 as participants. Three cycles of biology lessons on three different topics were conducted in this action research. A pre-test was administered before students learned from the videos. Post-test was administered after video-watching, and a delayed post-test was administered after collaborative learning. Non-parametric Friedman test with post hoc Wilcoxon signed ranked test were conducted to assess the differences in median test scores. There is a statistically significant increase in test scores after video-watching and also after collaborative learning in all cycles with a large effect size ranging from .884 to .911 for all cycles according to Cohen’s interpretation, inferring that both components of the FC contributed to the learning gains. Descriptive statistics show that the FC’s ‘learning from video’ component affects the student’s test scores more than the in-class activity. FC implementation provides an opportunity to move direct instruction out of the classroom so teachers can engage students in student-centred learning in class.
KEYWORDS
Flipped classroom; cognitive load theory; self-paced learning; videos, in-class activities
Assyakirin Nurhuda Haji Azman @ Amanda Stewart
Lecturer
Pusat Tingkatan Enam Sengkurong
Assyakirin Nurhuda Haji Azman @ Amanda Stewart is a biology lecturer at Pusat Tingkatan Enam Sengkurong. She graduated from Imperial College London with a degree in biochemistry. She is also a part-time PhD student from Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Education, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, with a research focus in the flipped classroom.